Does Socrates die?...

In this video, we explain the painting "The Dead of Socrates" (a 1787 oil on canvas painting by the French painter Jacques-Louis David), what do everybody express.

Mr. Wise

Is always good to learn something about a wise person, they could teach us something amazing, it could be your mother, aunt, grandfather, even your neighbour.

It's important to respect older people, because they will always know more about something than you; they have more experience because of their age.

We interviewed Linda's neighbour Mr. Ruben, he is 63 years old and we consider him wise because of his experience and knowledge about life events. We asked him some questions that could help to understand why we consider him wise.

NOTE: Mr. Ruben voice is low

Immortal Socrates

In the passage you just read, what did the god say about Socrates through the voice of the prophetess?

There were no man wiser tan him.

How does Socrates propose to disapprove the god`s statement ?

If there was a man wiser tan him he would go to the god with a refutation and say “here is a man who is wiser than I am but you said that I was the wisest”

In the next passage what advantages does Socrates say he has over the politicians of his day?

I neither knew or think that I now when he said this he realised he had an advantage.

In what way is he wise?

He is always questioning things and investigate until he found the answer.

What is  his response to this potential offer of a plea bargain?

That he respect and honours the men of Athens, but that he was going to obey god tethered them. And mean while he live with practice and teach philosophy.

What does he say is the mistake that the civilization of Athens are making?

That they care more about receive greatest amount of money and their reputation and a Little bit about wisdom and truth.

What does Socrates is his mission?

To teach and persuade everyone about the greatest improvement of their soul.

Why do you think that Socrates says that of bad person cannot harm a good person?

Because the good person has their own ideals and way of think so is their election to being persuade or not from bad people.

Why does Socrates think that his accusers (Meletus and Anytus) are harming them- selves by prosecuting him?

Meletus and Anytus will not injure him because they cannot, for it is not in the nature of things that a bad man should injure one better than himself.

In the next passage, Socrates says to the jury that he is arguing not for his sake but for theirs. Why does he think that it is the citizens of Athens who are really being judged by the outcome of this trial and not him?

Because if they kill him, they will not easily find another like him. he is that gadfly which the god has given the state and all day long and in all places he will always fastening upon them, arousing and persuading and reproaching them.

What evidence does he give that his intentions were to unselfishly serve the people of Athens?

He does not argue for his own sake. But he does think for the Athenians. This means he was worried about the Athenians and less about him.

GLOSSARY:

-Chisel: metal tool with a sharp beveled edge, used to cut and shape stone, wood, or metal.

- Refutation: Something, such as an argument, that refutes someone or something.

-Hatred:  a feeling of intense dislike; enmity

-Dithyrambic: a frenzied, impassioned choric hymn and dance of ancient Greece in honour of Dionysus.

-Soothsayer: one who claims to be able to foretell events or predict the future; a seer.

- Behalf: Interest, support, or benefit.

-Ludicrous: So absurd or incongruous as to be laughable.

-Gadfly: a persistent irritating critic; a nuisance.

-Sought: P.P of seek; to go in search or quest of.

-Acquittal: Judgement, as by a jury or judge, that a defendant is not guilty of a crime as charged.

-Plea bargain: to agree to plead guilty, especially to a lesser criminal offence, in exchange for some concession from the prosecution, such as dismissal of more serious charges.

WITCHCRAFT = EVILNESS

During the medieval age, witchcraft was something very popular but at the same time it was underrated, it was only consulted by the Christian church. During this period Christianity had a powerful influence not only in matters of faith but also in the decisions of state. And because the witchcraft was against religion, it was considered devil's work, therefore the church said that these acts should be banned and punished.

From 1184-1965 the Catholic Church was dedicated to blame, arrestee, judge and sentence to death millions of people who were considered "pagan" and "heretics" by the benevolent and morally superior Christians who judge them  just because they didn't  follow the moral norms dictating  them as correct. The Holy Inquisition said supposedly witches were dark people that should be purified so this evil couldn't be spread among the society so they had to burn their souls back to purity by burning them. The social context was the divinity so all the events were related to a supreme being, thus charitable things were related to goodness and the unknown or harmed stuff was considered the work of the devil.

The fire is a symbol that has much relevance in cultures, both pagan and Christian. In the medieval age, according to Christian mentality of the time, it is said that the fire purifies, that ends with "the flesh" (the body), who considered the subject of sin.

Nowadays this topic is more open, although the church doesn't like it; the situation is still brought up and talked about in educational ways. Whether the acts of the church were considered sins and evil themselves, the supernatural is still something we can’t decide if it’s real or just all in our head.    

eliminación de una bruja

Philosophy is...

Are there any common themes throughout the 10 answers? 

The majority of the people mentioned that is the reasoning and the way to see the life.

How do the answers compare to the description of philosophy in this chapter?

Something that most of people said was that is the way of thinking and the reasoning, also that is a way to find an answer to something. In part is related with the reading about what do philosophers study. But something that people said is that philosophy is the study of all, and its not true, because philosophers ask specific questions about specific things. Most of them are related with the people thoughts.

Are any features about philosophy missing in the responses?

No, most of them mentioned different parts about what do philosophers study, but they didn't mention that they make tests or experiments to make conclusions about their affirmations.

Which answers do you think are the bests? Why?

"The process of critical thinking to explain the whole of a topic." Because is the closest answer to what the reading mention.

Which answers do you think are least satisfactory? Why?

"It's a school subject." Because its an answer that I find, lazy, non-analysed, very poor.

Universe study

This is a collage that explains what does the philosophers study, what do they analyze to make their conclusions, theories; what do they observe in our reality, environment, surrounding, world. How do they explain some questions about our purpose in the life, our origin.

It is divided in 6 areas, that are: epistemology, metaphysics, logic, philosophy of religion, political philosophy and ethics; and the centre represents the word Philosophy. As every physic, psychologist, historian or biologist study a certain topic, philosophers also have their own topic to study, and this is divided.

In the logic part, we have shapes, as circles, squares, triangles, etc. Because they study how we should think, if we are rational or not, if we know what is good and what is not. So, its something specific, that only has a form or description; something real.

In epistemology, we can see experiments, tests, because this represents what does the philosophers do when they wonder some questions like, how could we know that something is true or not, or if all opinions are relative. They wonder fundamental questions about the concept of truth, what it could be possible. So they make some proves to clarify this questions.

We represented metaphysics with different people, different brains, because in this part the philosophers try to find if all mental events are really brain events, what is the relationship between the mind and the body. So they study different people and their believes, thoughts, feelings.

In philosophy of religion, we can see some religions, different cultural representations of deities, because philosophers investigate about the existence of God, the problem of evil, and the relationship of faith and reason, if these two concepts are opposites or complements each other.

In political philosophy, we put some government representations as flags, presidents, territories, because philosophers wonder what is justice, what are the limits of governmental authority, if the authority is good or not. So they study all these concepts as rules, ways of government; if these people is fair and right.

And the ethic part is represented by people demonstrating their values, what is correct and incorrect for each person, because the philosopher wonder if there are any correct ethical values, if they are relative or how can we decide what is right or wrong. They study the different values from one person to another.

GLOSSARY

-Fuzzy: Not clear; indistinct.

-Realm: An area or sphere, as of knowledge or activity.

-Glibly: Performed with a natural, offhand ease.

-Seek: To try to locate or discover; search for.

-Quark: Any of the six quarks' associated antiparticles, the anti quarks.

-Marvellous: Causing wonder.

-Assumption: The act of taking to or upon oneself.

-Soaring: Ascending to a level markedly higher than the usual.

-Woven: Made by weaving.

-Wide: Having a specified extent from side to side.

All come from...WHERE??? O.o

The aim of this activity is to make people know some theories of the origin of everything. Nowadays we have heard about some theories like Darwin's, Arrhenius', Redi's, etc. But its also important to know some theories from people who lived long time before all of these scientists. These philosophers (Thales, Anaximenes and Anaximander) made their own conclusions by the observation, in those times, there wasn't microscopes, laboratories, or any materials to make a better and depth research.

The greatest talk over...

1. How do this philosophers explained reality?
  By divinities, in those times they believed in gods, but they explained them in form of Elements like water, air. They thought that something was the pioneer because they explained that the element was very important and influential in the creation of life. Without it, it would be impossible the origin of life.

2. Does these explanations have something to do with the way I conceive reality?
  Yes, because I think that something natural, maybe a cell, bacteria or little organism was evolving and changing until these were turning on the things that surround us. There has to exist a pioneer that started everything; and on one hand, they proposed that.

3. Could this explanation be enough? Why?

  No, because they say that it exist something that originated the life, but they don't explain how that item was created. Also, some of them only explain the origin of our world, but what happens with the galaxies, other planets, the sun, stars or the entire universe.